We ask Alexa to turn on the lights by a voice command. Can we ask Alexa to do the same just by a mental command? You can say this is science fiction. However, it has become a reality today. The medium to do so are the brain implants. These can translate our thoughts into actions.

This area of science is called Brain Computer Interface (BCI). These devices are integrated with digital assistants (Alexa, Siri) to offer seamless interaction and accessibility.

Brain implants function by the interpretation of brain’s electrical impulses. Neurons communicate basically through electrical impulses. BCIs capture these signals (using microelectrodes implanted in the brain). The captured signals are decoded and translated into commands. These commands are taken by external devices such as computers, robotic limbs and home appliances.

This technology makes the life of paraplegics comfortable. Paraplegics cannot send commands to intended targets such as arms or legs. BCIs facilitate the by-passing of the damaged pathways. These open up a new communication channel.

Neuralink of Musk, Synchron and Blackrock Neurotech are the front runner companies in this field. The paraplegic and sclerosis patients can send text messages using their thoughts. They can command their phones and Alexa. This enables them to operate phones and computers. With digital assistant integration, they can command lighting system at home, watch TV, make video calls, play music and read books on Kindle. The technology is thus a lifeline to independence.

These also allow them to control motorised wheelchairs and robotic arms. It grants them mobility.

Instead of relying on caretakers, those with motor impairment can engage with the world around them directly. It is on their terms.

There are some challenges here. Interpretation of brain signals is still an imprecise science. Out of the large amount of data a brain generates, the device has to distinguish the right signal ignoring the noise around. It is difficult to do so. Besides, implants are invasive devices. These can be misused — they deal with personal neural data.

The researchers would like to make more reliable devices, which are long-lasting and less invasive. Neuralink devices are wireless and minimally invasive. These use flexible threads inserted into the brain by a precision robot.

All said and done, it is a great leap forward. It brings the helpless paraplegic closer to their able-bodied peers.