Fan Art, also written as Fanart, is artwork created by fans of a work of fiction. It is derived art. These art works may no be endorsed by the creators of work or may not be commissioned.

On Instagram, Fan Art posts are popular — 32 million posts. They improve the following of the artists, sometimes manifold. These artists are liked by users. They also try their hand on celebrities on social media. They reproduce celeb images in some form or the other. They can do caricatures too. They do art work on social media influencers too. By doing this, they try to tap the massive fan base of the celebs and influencers. Celebrities at times share the work of these artists.

There are now queries to get commissioned art work. Artists charge a lump sum amount on the basis of the size of the commissioned art work. Whether it is legal to do so or not, is a moot point.

Pics Art is photo and video editing app for making your social content popular. It has 1 billion downloads and has a fast growing user community. It is produced by a San Francisco-based firm. It is an image editing, collage and drawing app and a social network. It enables users to take and edit pictures, draw with layers and share their images on social media. It has unique combination of creative tools and unlimited content. It has 150 million user community. It is a boon to many content creators. PicsArt Gold is available ad-free on a monthly or annual subscription basis.

A blockchain is a list of records called blocks. Each block is linked cryptographically and it consists of a time-stamp and transaction details.

When a transaction is initiated on the blockchain, millions of internet- linked computers spread across the world verify the transaction. The verified block is linked to the chain and stored on the net for anyone to see (or audit).

The data on the blockchain is identified by a public key — but not everyone knows who holds it. The blockchain is an immutable cryptographic chain, and it cannot be corrupted.

The blockchain cuts down the middlemen in a transaction and makes it peer to peer.

While transferring money, you do not have to depend on intermediaries such as a bank or payment gateways. You can pass cryptos worth the money you want to send to the person on the receiving end. It is more economical way to transfer money than the traditional channels.

Chip making has not been India’s strength. A semi-conductor fabrication unit called fab requires huge capital investment, as technology becomes obsolete every two years, necessacitating fresh infusion of capital for upgradation to be in the game. Besides fabrication work accounts only 40 per cent of the total cost of production of a semiconductor chip.

Gordon Moore of Intel in 1965 framed Moore’s Law based on the prediction that the number of transistors in a chip will double every two years. It thus increases the processing power and brings prices down. More power is packed into the smaller chips.

Smaller distances an electron travels in smaller chip. It increases the speed. A few years back chips used to be 28 and 25 nanometers, are now 7 to 5 nanometers. A5-nanometer chip is two to three atoms into the making of a transistor.

However, there is a physical limit to miniaturization, since beyond this P-N junction will not work. A P-N junction is an interface between two types of semiconductor material which make the silicon transistor work.

In the absence of Moore Law, a fab could amortise its cost over a longer period sufficient to monetise the investment. Action would move to software, away from the hardware.

Alternative technologies such as 3D stacking, parallelism and multi-core chips, putting chips on each other (rather than on the board) could be used to increase volume and speed. Multi-core chips could be made, though there is a limit to the cores being used. India can play a role here. India has to use new materials and new technologies to take a lead.

There is no law that lays down any kind of code for OTT players in respect of their programmes.. The Government is considering a self-regulation code to check violence, pornography, explicit sexual scenes etc being depicted in webseries or even films released on this platform. There is no regulatory body such as the Censor Board to give prior approval to movies. TV content is governed by the Cable and TV Network (Regulation) Act, 1995 which spells out a programming code. This comes within the purview of Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. OTTs are, however, totally unregulated. Even movies released here do not require a censor board certificate. OTT content is not within the purview of I&B ministry. It is seen by the ministry of electronics and IT. These OTT programmes are governed by Sec.67, 67 A and 67 B of the IT Act. It aims at punishing anybody who publishes or transmits in the electronic form any material that contains sexually explicit acts etc. The Act applies to the whole of Internet. The matter becomes criminal if an FIR is filed. The non-OTT content comes under the civil laws. It is a grey area in law.

Instead of the role of the Government, it is felt the industry players must bring about self-regulation by observing a programming code. It is suggested that content of OTT must be assigned to the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting.

US senators would examine Big Tech CEOS in October, 2020 regarding the contentious Sec 230 providing legal immunity. This section gives online services flexibility to remove hate speech and other inappropriate content. On social media, anyone can post comments. If the foundations of Sec.230 are eroded, there could be collapse of communication on the internet.

Surprisingly, Zuckerberg is in favour of a reform of the law and opts for digital rights. Facebook is ready to work with the lawmakers to frame the regulation. But such an opening could be a regressive step for free expression.

As the platforms are under attack, some leaders and activists feel Section 230 is too lenient and fosters abusive content and incitements to violence.