We have already examined the concept of digital twins. In Industry 4.0 there are digitised plants, and there is cost reduction on account of that. The interconnected machinery of a digitised plant facilitates predictive maintenance. In addition, the shop floor is combined with simulation technologies so as to create digital twins of the factories. What is simulated is flow of goods and people. A digital twin shows us how it would work in real time and in real world. There could be updation of simulation depending upon the data from the real world.

Digital twins makes it simpler to reproduce factories across geographies. One does not have to start from scratch for every new plant. All plants could be connected and they can have a large digital twin. It saves a lot of learning time. Any change can be tested online before it is introduced on the ground. The change can then be introduced across all the plants.

There is multi-physics simulations as well. It can be used in a factory setup tp create better digital twins.