It was the advent of Rupert Murdoch’s Star Plus in English followed by MTV, BBC and Prime Sports in 1991 that ended the monopoly of the DD. Immediately, in 1992, Subhash Chandra launched Zee TV. In 1993, Sun TV was launched. By 1994, India had satellite channels such as CNN and Discovery. This led to the need to measure the viewership of the TV channels. A simple diary method of the DD era gave way to INTAM or Indian National Television Audience  Measurement under the auspices of ORG-MARG in 1994. Though INTAM brought credibility to the ratings and analysis, its small size and the limited geographical area covered were the limitations. To overcome this TAM was set up in 1998 as a joint-venture between AC Neilsen and Kantar/IMRB backed ISA and AAAI. Thus there were two measurement systems between 1991 and 2001 — TAM and INTAM which caused confusion. There were allegations of data leakage. To correct this TAM and INTAM were merged into one entity by AC Neilsen and ORG-MARG. In the meantime, TV advertising revenue reached Rs. 4500 in 2004. An application was developed by Decision Craft, US called  aMap with 2000 meters which delivered ratings overnight as compared to a week taken by TAM. aMap was used as PR strategy but media planning still depended upon TAM. aMap disappeared in 2011. There was a dispute between NDTV and TAM, and TAM was assaulted by several broadcasters about its ratings. In 2012, Broadcast Audience Research council ( BARC ) was set up by the Indian Broadcasting Foundation (IBF ), the Indian Society of the Indian Broadcasting Foundation (IBF), the Indian Society of Advertisers (ISA) and the Advertising Agencies Association of India (AAAI). It was the latest attempt to do transparent ratings. BARC released its ratings for the first time in 1995. BARC has 25000 meters, as opposed to 12000 meters of TAM. Many subscribed to both the ratings. In August 2015, BARC and TAM formed a new company — Meter Company — with a robust meter size of 34000 meters.